Minnesota Pregnancy Accommodation and Lactation Protections Expanded

 

Pregnancy Accommodations

Effective July 1, 2023, the law that requires employers to provide employees with pregnancy and childbirth accommodations now applies to employers of all sizes, not just those with 15 or more employees. It’s also expanded as follows:

• Employees who take a leave of absence as an accommodation are entitled to the same or an equivalent position upon their return to work. They’re also entitled to automatic pay raises that occur during the leave and must retain any benefits and seniority as if they had no break in service.
• Employers can’t require medical documentation to support an employee’s request to take longer restroom, food, or water breaks, and aren’t allowed to deny these accommodations on the basis of undue hardship.
• Temporary leaves of absence and work schedule or job assignment modifications are added as examples of potential reasonable accommodations. Employers should consider these options.

 

Lactation Rights

Minnesota’s law regarding nursing mothers, which already applied to employers of all sizes, is expanded to cover any lactating employee (not just “mothers”), and is broadened as follows:

• Lactation breaks will no longer be time-restricted to the first 12 months after the child’s birth.
• Lactation breaks can’t be required to run concurrently with any other break time the employee would usually receive.
• Employers aren’t allowed to deny lactation breaks based on operational needs.
• Employers are required to make reasonable efforts to provide a lactation space that is clean, private, and secure.

 

Notice

Employers need to inform employees of their pregnancy accommodation and lactation rights upon hire and when an employee asks about parental leave. Notice must be provided in English and the employee’s primary language and must also be included in an employee handbook. A model notice is available here.

 

Action Items

• Create or update your lactation and pregnancy accommodation policies to be compliant.
• Ensure that lactation spaces provided are clean, private, and secure.
• Include a lactation and pregnancy accommodation notice in your new hire packets and your employee handbook, if you have one.

 

Minnesota Pregnancy and Parenting Leave Expanded

Minnesota’s Pregnancy and Parenting Leave law, which provides up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave for pregnancy and new child bonding, is expanded to cover employers of all sizes and all employees, effective July 1, 2023.

 

This change also expands coverage for two other related laws as follows:

• Minnesota’s School Conference and Activities Leave law, which provides up to 16 hours of unpaid leave for employees to attend their child’s school-related activities, now covers all employees.
• Minnesota’s kin care law, which allows employees to use any sick leave they may have to care for relatives, is expanded to cover employers of all sizes and all employees.

 

Action Item

Add pregnancy and parental leave, school-related leave, and sick leave policies to your handbook, or, if you already have them, review them to ensure they satisfy the law’s new coverage requirements.

 

Minnesota Ban on Noncompetes

Effective July 1, 2023, and applicable to agreements entered on or after then, noncompete agreements are void and unenforceable unless they’re tied to the sale of a business, or in anticipation of its dissolution, and then would only apply to the business’s partners, members, or shareholders. For instance, if a noncompete is tied to the sale of a business, the person selling the business and the partners, members, or shareholders, and the buyer of the business may agree on a temporary and geographically restricted noncompete that will prohibit the seller of the business from carrying on a similar business within a reasonable geographic area and for a reasonable length of time. Of note, the ban doesn’t apply to nondisclosure agreements, trade secret or confidential information protection agreements, nonsolicitation agreements, or agreements restricting the use of client/contact lists or soliciting an employer’s customers. Importantly, as an employment condition employers can’t require employees­—who live and work in Minnesota—to agree to be deprived of these protections.

 

Minnesota Cannabis Legalized

Beginning August 1, 2023, cannabis is a lawful product in Minnesota (for adults 21 and older) that can be used off premises and during nonworking hours. Employers can’t discriminate in hiring, firing, or employment based on an individual’s enrollment in a cannabis registry program or positive drug test for cannabis unless it was used at work, during working hours, or while operating an employer’s machinery, vehicle, or equipment. If that’s the case, employers can discipline or fire them.

 

Employers can implement a drug-free workplace and test for cannabis randomly or when they reasonably suspect an employee is using cannabis at work. Additionally, certain occupations have a testing exception; they must be tested, like those in safety-sensitive positions or when working with children. Employers can’t test applicants arbitrarily or just to determine the presence of cannabis, unless it’s legally required.

 

Employees can present their patient registry as an explanation as to why they tested positive but that won’t excuse cannabis use on premises or during work hours. The law also contains testing procedure requirements, notice mandates, and additional employee protections.

 

Minnesota Earned Sick and Safe Time Enacted – Highlights

Effective January 1, 2024, employees in Minnesota (who work at least 80 hours in a year) accrue one hour of earned sick and safe time (ESST) for every 30 hours they work, up to 48 hours per year. Employees must be allowed to carryover up to 80 hours of their accrued, unused sick and safe time unless the employer frontloads it under certain terms and conditions.

 

Employees can use their ESST, as it accrues, to care for a family member’s or the employee’s own:

• Mental or physical illness, injury, or other health condition.
• Need for medical diagnosis, care, or treatment of a mental or physical illness, injury, or health condition.
• Need for preventive medical or health care.

 

It can also be used for:

• Domestic abuse, sexual assault, or stalking (medical care related to, treatment for, legal services, relocation, etc.).
• Workplace, school, or place of care closure due to weather or public health emergency (PHE).
• The employee’s inability to work or telework because of a PHE and other related issues.

 

The law includes much more, including notice and documentation requirements and protections against retaliation.

 

Resourcing Edge will share additional guidance closer to the effective date.

 

Minnesota – Bloomington Updates Rules and Releases Notice for Sick Leave

The City of Bloomington updated its initial rules and released an employee notice of rights for the city’s Earned Sick and Safe Leave Ordinance, effective July 1, 2023. The updated rules:

• Provide new and expanded definitions, including a robust definition of adverse action for retaliation purposes.
• Change the eligibility for covered employees from working “at least 80 hours” in Bloomington to “more than 80 hours.”
• Clarify accrual rates and how to track the hours of employees who are working inside and outside of Bloomington.
• Change the waiting period for use from “90 calendar days following the beginning of employment” to the “91st day of employment.”
• Allow employees to use any amount of leave they want even if their leave balance is less than the designated minimum increment (four hours) established in the ordinance.
• Provide more guidance about notice and reasonable documentation requirements.

 

More information is available on the city’s website.

 

Action Items

Ensure that your policies have been updated accordingly.